HOTS Questions - Crop production and management - Class 8 Science
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HOTS Questions for CBSE Class 8 - Crop Production and Management
These HOTS questions on 'Crop production and management' for Class 8 will test the Higher Order Thinking Skills in Science of CBSE students and NSO Science Olympiad aspirants.
1. What are the advantages and disadvantages of organic farming compared to conventional farming?
2. Explain the different types of irrigation systems and the factors to consider when selecting the best one for a particular crop.
3. Describe the importance of crop rotation in sustainable agriculture.
4. Analyze the factors that affect the growth and yield of crops, such as temperature, rainfall, and soil fertility.
5. Evaluate the role of fertilizers in crop production, and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of synthetic and organic fertilizers.
6. Predict the impact of climate change on crop production and identify strategies to mitigate its effects.
7. Compare and contrast the advantages and disadvantages of traditional and modern methods of pest control.
8. Analyze the importance of soil conservation practices in sustainable agriculture.
9. Evaluate the impact of monoculture farming on soil health and biodiversity.
10. Identify the different types of cropping patterns, and discuss their advantages and disadvantages.
11. Design an experiment to investigate the effects of different irrigation systems on crop growth and yield.
12. Develop a pest management plan for a specific crop, considering the different types of pests and their life cycles.
13. Evaluate the impact of genetically modified crops on agriculture and the environment.
14. Discuss the importance of water management in crop production and the consequences of water scarcity on agriculture.
15. Identify the different methods of harvesting crops, and evaluate their advantages and disadvantages.
Crop Production and Management- Revision notes
Crop production involves the cultivation of plants for the production of food, fiber, and other products. Successful crop production requires careful management and attention to factors such as soil quality, water availability, pest management, and environmental conditions.
Soil Preparation
The first step in crop production is to prepare the soil for planting. This involves plowing or tilling the soil to break up clumps and loosen the soil, removing weeds and other unwanted vegetation, and adding fertilizers or other soil amendments to improve soil fertility.
Seeds and Planting
The selection of high-quality seeds is critical to successful crop production. Seeds should be chosen based on factors such as yield potential, disease resistance, and suitability for the local climate and soil conditions. Once seeds have been selected, they should be planted at the appropriate depth and spacing to ensure optimal growth and yield.
Irrigation and Water Management
Water is essential for crop growth and production, and careful management of water resources is critical for success. Irrigation systems such as drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, and flood irrigation can be used to deliver water to crops. The appropriate irrigation system and water management strategies will depend on factors such as the crop type, soil type, and local climate conditions.
Pest Management
Pests such as insects, weeds, and diseases can have a significant impact on crop production. Pest management strategies include cultural practices such as crop rotation, biological control using natural predators or parasites, and chemical control using pesticides or herbicides.
Harvesting and Post-Harvest Management
Once crops have reached maturity, they can be harvested using methods such as handpicking, mechanized harvesting, or a combination of both. Post-harvest management is critical to ensure that crops are stored and processed properly to maintain their quality and prevent spoilage.
By understanding and carefully managing these factors, farmers can optimize crop production and ensure a reliable supply of food and other agricultural products.
Sample paper - Crop production and management
The HOTS questions in the pdf sample papers will help students of grade 8 to ace their CBSE exam and the "achiever's section" of Science Olympiads.
Try to solve the higher order thinking questions in the pdf sample paper below within 60 minutes. You also have the option of attempting these questions in online mode.
The answer key to the HOTS questions is shared at the end of the pdf.
HOTS Questions - Online test
The maximum time allotted for this online test on 'Crop production and management' is 60 minutes. You will get to see your scorecard along with solutions on submission. You will also get an instant merit certificate for scores > 70%. All the best.
Results of Online test
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MCQ Questions for CBSE Class 8 Science Chapter 1 - Crop Production and Management
1. Which of the following is not a natural fiber?
a) Jute
b) Cotton
c) Nylon
d) Wool
Answer: c) Nylon
Explanation: Jute, cotton, and wool are natural fibers, while nylon is a synthetic fiber.
2. What is the process of loosening and turning of soil called?
a) Tilling
b) Weeding
c) Manuring
d) Harvesting
Answer: a) Tilling
Explanation: Tilling, also known as plowing, is the process of loosening and turning of soil to prepare it for planting.
3. Which of the following is not a kharif crop?
a) Paddy
b) Maize
c) Wheat
d) Soybean
Answer: c) Wheat
Explanation: Paddy, maize, and soybean are kharif crops, while wheat is a rabi crop.
4. Which of the following is not a pest control measure?
a) Crop rotation
b) Use of fertilizers
c) Biological control
d) Chemical control
Answer: b) Use of fertilizers
Explanation: While the use of fertilizers is important for crop growth, it is not a pest control measure. Crop rotation, biological control, and chemical control are pest control measures.
5. Which of the following is a mechanical method of weed control?
a) Crop rotation
b) Mulching
c) Hand weeding
d) Use of herbicides
Answer: d) Use of herbicides
Explanation: The use of herbicides is a mechanical method of weed control, as opposed to cultural methods such as crop rotation and mulching, or manual methods such as hand weeding.
6. What is the process of adding nutrients to the soil called?
a) Tilling
b) Weeding
c) Manuring
d) Harvesting
Answer: c) Manuring
Explanation: Manuring is the process of adding nutrients to the soil to improve its fertility and support crop growth.
7. Which of the following is not a method of irrigation?
a) Sprinkler irrigation
b) Drip irrigation
c) Canal irrigation
d) Hilly irrigation
Answer: d) Hilly irrigation
Explanation: Hilly irrigation is not a method of irrigation. It is difficult to cultivate crops in hilly areas because of the steep slopes, which makes it impossible to irrigate them through canals, sprinklers, or drip irrigation. Farmers in hilly regions mainly depend on rainwater for cultivation.
8. The instrument used to measure the relative humidity of air is called:
a) Anemometer
b) Hygrometer
c) Barometer
d) Thermometer
Answer: b) Hygrometer
Explanation: A hygrometer is an instrument used to measure the relative humidity of air. It measures the amount of moisture or water vapor present in the air.
9. In which season is the Kharif crop sown in India?
a) Winter
b) Summer
c) Monsoon
d) Spring
Answer: c) Monsoon
Explanation: The Kharif crop is sown during the monsoon season in India, which is from June to September. Examples of Kharif crops include rice, maize, millet, cotton, and soybean.
10. Which of the following is not a Rabi crop?
a) Wheat
b) Barley
c) Mustard
d) Rice
Answer: d) Rice
Explanation: Rice is not a Rabi crop. Rabi crops are sown in winter and harvested in the spring. Examples of Rabi crops include wheat, barley, mustard, and gram.
11. Which of the following is not a source of irrigation?
a) Wells
b) Canals
c) Lakes
d) Mountains
Answer: d) Mountains
Explanation: Mountains are not a source of irrigation. Irrigation refers to the process of artificially supplying water to crops for their growth. Wells, canals, and lakes are sources of irrigation.
12. Which of the following is not a method of crop production?
a) Multiple cropping
b) Crop rotation
c) Soil erosion
d) Controlling pests and weeds
Answer: c) Soil erosion
Explanation: Soil erosion is not a method of crop production. It is the process of wearing away of the topsoil by natural agents such as wind and water.
13. Which of the following is not a factor that affects crop production?
a) Climate
b) Soil
c) Water
d) Time of day
Answer: d) Time of day
Explanation: Time of day is not a factor that affects crop production. Factors that affect crop production include climate, soil, water, and availability of nutrients.
14. The process of loosening and turning the soil is called:
a) Sowing
b) Harvesting
c) Ploughing
d) Threshing
Answer: c) Ploughing
Explanation: Ploughing is the process of loosening and turning the soil to prepare it for sowing seeds. It helps in improving the soil texture and aeration, which is essential for the growth of crops.
15. Which of the following is not a modern method of irrigation?
a) Drip irrigation
b) Sprinkler irrigation
c) Canal irrigation
d) Lift irrigation
Answer: c) Canal irrigation
Explanation: Canal irrigation is not a modern method of irrigation. It has been in use for centuries. Modern methods of irrigation include drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, and lift irrigation.
16. Which of the following is not a leguminous crop?
a) Peas
b) Beans
c) Rice
d) Lentils
Answer: c) Rice
Explanation: Rice is not a leguminous crop. Leguminous crops are those crops which have the ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen into the soil. Examples of leguminous crops include peas, beans, lentils, and groundnuts.
17. Which of the following nutrients is not required for the growth of plants?
a) Nitrogen
b) Phosphorus
c) Calcium
d) Chlorine
Answer: d) Chlorine
Explanation: Chlorine is not required for the growth of plants. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and calcium are some of the essential nutrients required for the growth of plants.
18. Which of the following is a biopesticide?
a) DDT
b) Malathion
c) Neem oil
d) Carbaryl
Answer: c) Neem oil
Explanation: Neem oil is a biopesticide which is derived from the neem tree. It is an effective alternative to chemical pesticides.
19. Which of the following is a traditional method of irrigation?
a) Drip irrigation
b) Sprinkler irrigation
c) Canal irrigation
d) None of the above
Answer: c) Canal irrigation
Explanation: Canal irrigation is a traditional method of irrigation where water is drawn from canals and used to irrigate crops.
20. Which of the following practices is not a part of crop management?
a) Crop rotation
b) Mulching
c) Controlling pests and weeds
d) Overgrazing
Answer: d) Overgrazing
Explanation: Overgrazing is not a part of crop management. It is a harmful practice that leads to the degradation of pastures and the loss of soil fertility.
21. What is the process of plowing the field called?
a) Sowing
b) Harvesting
c) Tilling
d) Reaping
Answer: c) Tilling
Explanation: The process of plowing the field is called tilling. It involves loosening and turning the soil to prepare it for planting.
22. Which of the following is not a source of irrigation?
a) Wells
b) Canals
c) Tube wells
d) Rainwater
Answer: d) Rainwater
Explanation: Rainwater is not considered a source of irrigation as it is not controlled by humans. Wells, canals, and tube wells are all controlled sources of irrigation.
23. Which of the following is a Kharif crop?
a) Wheat
b) Mustard
c) Paddy
d) Gram
Answer: c) Paddy
Explanation: Paddy is a Kharif crop, which means it is sown in the rainy season and harvested in the autumn. Examples of other Kharif crops include maize, soybean, and cotton.
24. Which of the following is not a component of drip irrigation?
a) Emitters
b) Water pump
c) Main pipe
d) Weeder
Answer: d) Weeder
Explanation: Weeder is not a component of drip irrigation. The components of drip irrigation include emitters, water pump, main pipe, and filters.
25. What is the process of cutting the crops called?
a) Sowing
b) Harvesting
c) Tilling
d) Reaping
Answer: b) Harvesting
Explanation: The process of cutting the crops from the field is called harvesting. It is usually done when the crops have reached maturity and are ready to be collected.
26. Which of the following is a natural fertilizer?
a) Urea
b) Superphosphate
c) Vermicompost
d) Potassium chloride
Answer: c) Vermicompost
Explanation: Vermicompost is a natural fertilizer that is made from organic waste materials using earthworms. Urea, superphosphate, and potassium chloride are chemical fertilizers.
27. Which of the following is not a pest?
a) Weevil
b) Jassid
c) Cow
d) Aphid
Answer: c) Cow
Explanation: Cow is not a pest. Weevil, jassid, and aphid are all pests that can damage crops
28. What is the main aim of crop rotation?
a) To increase crop yield
b) To maintain soil fertility
c) To control pests and weeds
d) To protect crops from diseases
Answer: b) To maintain soil fertility
Explanation: Crop rotation is the practice of growing different types of crops on the same land in a sequential manner. Its main aim is to maintain soil fertility by adding essential nutrients to the soil and preventing the depletion of nutrients caused by continuous cultivation of the same crop.
29. What is green manure?
a) Organic matter added to the soil
b) Chemical fertilizers added to the soil
c) Pesticides added to the soil
d) None of the above
Answer: a) Organic matter added to the soil
Explanation: Green manure refers to crops that are grown specifically to be turned into the soil as organic matter. The purpose of green manure is to add nutrients to the soil, improve soil structure and water-holding capacity, and control weeds and pests.
30. What is organic farming?
a) Farming without the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides
b) Farming with the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides
c) Farming without the use of natural fertilizers
d) Farming without irrigation
Answer: a) Farming without the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides
Explanation: Organic farming is a method of farming that relies on natural fertilizers and biological pest control instead of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. The main aim of organic farming is to produce healthy crops and maintain soil fertility without harming the environment.